Noise

Did you know that excessive noise can seriously harm human health and interfere with people’s daily activities at school, at work, at home and during leisure time. It can cause stress, disturb sleep, cause psychophysiological effects, and provoke annoyance responses, and changes in social behaviour.

What can you do about Noise?

Noise in the environment

Recent assessments of the effects of noise highlight the significance of noise as a health concern and not only an annoyance issue. The European Environment Agency (EEA) estimates that long-term exposure to environmental noise from road traffic, railways, aircraft and industry contributes to 48,000 new cases of heart disease and 12,000 premature deaths each year in Europe. The EEA also estimates that 22 million people suffer from chronic high levels of annoyance and 6.5 million people suffer from chronic high levels of sleep disturbance as a result of long-term noise exposure.

What's happening with Noise?

Environmental noise is ‘unwanted or harmful outdoor sound’ arising from all areas of human activity. Noise is caused by many everyday activities, the most common sources of environmental noise exposure in Ireland are from transport including road traffic, railways, and aircraft.

In 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region. The guidelines set out how noise pollution in urban areas is increasing and how excessive noise, particularly from transport, is adversely affecting sleep, as well as cardiovascular and metabolic function, and is therefore having a negative impact on human health and wellbeing.

In Ireland, road transport, particularly in urban areas, is the main source of transport noise. Strategic noise maps are used to predict noise exposure levels.

 

 

Noise and your health

Noise complaints

What's being done?

Woman monitoring sound levels at building site

EU’s Zero Pollution Action Plan and the Environmental Noise Directive

Although noise is found everywhere, particularly in urban areas, and is part of daily living and activity, it can be a serious risk to public health and wellbeing. Reducing noise is one of the targets of the EU’s Zero Pollution Action Plan and the Environmental Noise Directive (END).  

Ireland has transposed the revised Annex III of the END.  This establishes assessment methods for the harmful effects of environmental noise based on: the number of people Highly Annoyed (HA); the number of people Highly Sleep Disturbed (HSD) for roads, railways and aircraft; and instances of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) for roads. 

To adequately protect people from the negative health effects of environmental noise, measures such as redesigning roadways, using low noise road surfaces, reducing national speed limits, and creating low noise emission zones will be required.  Some measures around airports may also need to be considered.

Noise-Health Research commissioned 

The EPA commissioned a three-year research project, Noise and Health Evidence from Ireland, that detailed a review of the relationship between environmental noise and health/wellbeing.  It was led by University College Dublin (UCD) and the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI). 

This report outlines key policy and practice recommendations for managing environmental noise in Ireland. It also details how “noise–health” considerations can be better incorporated into Irish policy.  The aim was to combine noise modelling and health data to examine contributory relationships between noise exposure and health/wellbeing outcomes. The final report titled Environmental Transport Noise and Health; Evidence from Ireland (Noise – Health) is available at EPA Research Report 423

Noise guidelines and legislation

Noise mapping and action plans

Noise research

Featured reports on Noise

in: noise
Sketch outline of hand to ear and soundwaves emanating with photo of motorway as background
Environmental Noise

Ireland’s State of the Environment Report 2024 - Chapter 3 Environmental Noise

Ireland’s State of the Environment Report 2024 provides an update on the environmental challenges that we face both nationally and globally. This is chapter 3 from the report which summarizes the key messages and environmental challenges for noise in Ireland. The report adds to a range of thematic and research reports available from the EPA that cover many of the issues reported on in more detail.

Sketch outline of person earing backpack and arms outstretched with photo of mountain hike track as background
Ireland's State of the Environment Report 2024 - Chapter 14

Ireland’s State of the Environment Report 2024 provides an update on the environmental challenges that we face both nationally and globally. This is chapter 14 from the report which summarizes the key messages and environmental challenges for Environment, Health and Wellbeing in Ireland. The report adds to a range of thematic and research reports available from the EPA that cover many of the issues reported on in more detail.

FAQs about noise

in: Noise

Environmental noise is 'unwanted sound' arising from all areas of human activity such as noise from transport, industrial and recreational activities. Excessive noise can:

  • seriously harm human health, including mental health
  • interfere with people’s daily activities at school, at work, at home & during leisure time
  • disrupt sleep, cause cardiovascular and psychophysiological effects
  • lower performance, lead to annoyance responses and changes in social behaviour

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