Read more about the EPA's assessments of water quality and agriculture.
Nitrates and phosphorous
Excess nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, remain one of the main pressures affecting water quality in Ireland. Nutrients from agriculture, wastewater and other human activities can enter rivers, lakes, estuaries, coastal waters and groundwater. When nutrient levels become too high, they can cause excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants, reducing oxygen levels and harming aquatic life such as insects and fish.
Water quality monitoring shows that nutrient levels remain too high in many parts of the country, particularly in areas vulnerable to nitrogen losses. While some local improvements have been recorded, overall water quality has shown little improvement in recent years. Continued action to reduce nutrient losses is needed to protect and restore water quality.
Read the latest Monitoring & Assessment: Freshwater & Marine Publications | Environmental Protection Agency